                                     
                                     - 16 -
                                         
               
               
               
               
                             4. ᫮ ४⨢.
               
               
                 ᥬ  砥    ᥡ ᫮ ४⨢
          ⨯: ४⨢ ᫮ ᥬ஢   ४⨢
         ᫮     樨     訡.     ४⨢   ᫮
         ᥬ஢    ᯥ稢    ᥬ஢     
         ।      ⮬  砥,  ᫨  ⨭  
         ४⨢  ᫮.  ४⨢  ᫮  樨   訡
         ஢      ᫮   訡, ..
         ନ ᮮ饭  ⨭ ணࠬ  ᯥ稢  
         ,  ᮮ⢥騩  訡  室 ⥪,
         ᫨  ᫮ ⨭.
               ४⨢    ⨯  ஢   ᫮   ६
         ᥬ஢.     ஢ ᫮ ६
         믮, .. ᫥    ᫥   ⮣,
           ணࠬ 筥 믮.  ᫮ ⨬ 
         ࠦ, ८ࠧ㥬  ⠭  ᥬ஢.
               ४⨢  ᫮   ᥬ஢      ४⨢
         ᫮ 樨 訡 ᠭ  ᫥  ࠧ.
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
                    4.1. ४⨢ ᫮ ᥬ஢.
               
               
               ४⨢   ᫮   ᥬ஢     
         ன ⥯  ࠢ  ᮬ  ᥬ஢.  
         ᨬ    祭  ᫮  ६ ᥬ஢,
         ஢塞   ⨬   ४⨢,   ஠ᥬ    
         ய ࠡ 楫  ।  ࠡ
           㣮 (ୠ⨢) .
                 ।  ᫮   ᥬ஢   
         ᫥騩 騩 :
               
               ४⨢-᫮-ᥬ஢
                          ..........
                     । ᥬ  樨
                          ..........
               [[ ELSE ]]
                          ..........
                     । ᥬ  樨
                          ..........
               ENDIF

                                   - 17 -
         
         
               
               ४⨢-᫮-ᥬ஢     ᫮,
            ⨭   祭  ண    ᥬ஢
         ।, ᯮ ।⢥ ᫥ ४⨢ 
          祢 ᫮ ELSE, ,  ᫨   饭,    
         ,  砥  ENDIF.  ᫨  ᫮  믮,
         ᥬ  㯯  ।,   ᯮ   
         祢묨  ᫮  ESLE   ENDIF,  ᫨ ELSE 饭, MASM
         ய᪠ .
               ᪠  ४⨢. ᨬ쭠 㡨
          - 255.
                 ⢥  ४⨢-᫮-ᥬ஢ 
          樨, ਢ  ⠡ 4.1.
               
               
              4.1. ४⨢ ᫮ ᥬ஢.
               ____________________________________________
               |                                          |
               |     IF     ࠦ                     |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFE    ࠦ                     |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IF1                                  |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IF2                                  |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFDEF                             |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFNDEF                            |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFB    <㬥>                    |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFNB   <㬥>                    |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFIDN  <㬥-1>,<㬥-2>     |
               |__________________________________________|
               |                                          |
               |     IFDIF  <㬥-2>,<㬥-2>     |
               |__________________________________________|
               
               
                 砥  ४⨢  IF    ᥬ,   ᫨
         㪠 ࠦ ⨭ (  ).    ४⨢  IFE
           ᥬ, ᫨ ࠦ  (). ࠦ
             ᮫⭮  祭        ᮤঠ
         뫮 ।.
               ४⨢ IF1  IF2 ஢  室 ᥬ

                                   - 18 -
         
         
          ᯥ稢 ࠡ    ⮫쪮    1-  (IF1)  
         ⮫쪮  2- (IF2) 室.
               
                 ਬ (뤠 ᮮ饭  ᮫):
               
               IF1
                %OUT Pass 1
               ELSE
                %OUT Pass 2
               ENDIF
               
               ४⨢  IFDEF    IFNDEF ஢, ।  
         ணࠬ 㪠 . IFDEF ᯥ稢 ᥬ஢,
         ᫨      ।  ⪠, ६  ᨬ,
         IFNDEF -  ᫨      ।.  ⨬,    ᫨  
         ⢥         뫪   ।,    ⠥
         ।  1- 室  ।  2-.
                   ।    ⮫쪮  㪠    
         ᮮ⢥饩   樨        樨  
         ४⨢ । ,   樨 ᥬ /D, 
          ࠢ ⠢  ᥬ㥬  ணࠬ  
          室 䠩.
               ४⨢  IFB    IFNB  ஢ 祭 㪠
         㬥,  ࠪ㥬    ப  ᨬ,    뢠
         ᥬ஢ , ᫨ 㬥  ஡ (IFB)
           ⫨祭   ஡ (IFNB). 㬥   ,
         ᫮  ࠦ.  <  > 易⥫.
               ४⨢ IFB    IFNB    ᯮ짮  
         ம।,            ࠢ  ᫮
         ᥬ஢, ᭮뢠  ⮬,    ࠬ
         ம।.  ⮬ 砥  ⢥ 㬥 ᫥
            ଠ ࠬ஢ ம।.
               ४⨢ IFDIF  IFIDN  ࠢ  ᯥ஢
            㬥,  ࠪ  ᨬ ப
         ( ⮬ ॣ),  뢠 ᥬ஢   
         筮  (IFIDN)   筮 (IFDIF). 㬥
           , ᫠  ࠦﬨ.   <    >
         易⥫. 㬥 ࠧ ⮩.
               ४⨢ IFDIF  IFIDN   ᯮ짮  
         ம।,           ࠢ   ᫮
         ᥬ஢,      祭   ।   
         ம।  ࠬ஢.    ⮬  砥     ⢥
         㬥⮢    ᫥        ଠ    ࠬ
         ம।.
               
               
               
               
               
               
                    4.2. ४⨢ ᫮ 樨 訡.
               
               
               ᯮ짮   ४⨢   ᫮  樨  訡
          ஫஢ 樨,  襤訥  ࠦ  

                                   - 19 -
         
         
         ᨭ⠪  몠  ᥬ.  ਬ,     ⠪
         ४⨢  맢   ᮮ饭    訡  ,
         ᮮ⢥⢥,   ⠭   쭮      
         ࠭  砥 ᯮ짮 ॣ AX,    窨
         ७   ᨭ⠪      訡,      
         ⨬   ணࠬ. 
               ࠡ⪠  ४⨢ ᫮  樨  訡,
         ஬  .ERR1,  ⨭ ᫮ ⭠ ᯮ
         ⠫쭮 訡 (     7),    ன  MASM
         㭨⮦ ꥪ 䠩.
               ଠ  ४⨢   ᮮ⢥騥  ᮮ饭 MASM
         ਢ  ⠡ 4.2.
               
               
                4.2. ४⨢ ᫮ 樨 訡.
         ____________________________________________________________
         |                   |                                      |
         |     ⠪     |         ⥪ ᮮ饭        |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERR1             | 87 Forced error - pass 1             |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERR2             | 88 Forced error - pass 2             |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERR              | 89 Forced error                      |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRE ࠦ   | 90 Forced error - expression equals 0|
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRNZ ࠦ  | 91 Forced error - expression not     |
         |                   |    equals 0                          |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRNDEF       | 92 Forced error - symbol not defined |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRDEF        | 93 Forced error - symbol defined     |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRB <ப>    | 94 Forced error - string blank       |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRNB <ப>   | 95 Forced error - string not blank   |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRIDN <-    | 96 Forced error - strings identical  |
         |  -1>,<ப-2> |                                      |
         |___________________|______________________________________|
         |                   |                                      |
         | .ERRDIF <-    | 97 Forced error - strings different  |
         |  -2>,<ப-2> |                                      |
         |___________________|______________________________________|

                                   - 20 -
         
         
         
               
               ४⨢  .ERR  ᯥ稢  ᫮   
         ᮮ饭    訡.  ४⨢  .ERR1      .ERR2   ⠪
         ᫮   ᮮ⢥⢥      1-  2-
         室 ࠭. ४⨢ .ERR1  뢠    ⠫
         訡,  ।०. 
               ४⨢ .ERRNZ  .ERRE  祭 㪠
         ࠦ    ᯥ稢    ᮮ饭    訡
         ᮮ⢥⢥  砥  ⨭  (1)      (0)
         ⮣ ࠦ.
               ४⨢  .ERRDEF  ᯥ稢    ⠫쭮
         訡,   㪠    ।    ணࠬ  
         ⪠,  ६   ᨬ,  ४⨢ .ERRNDEF - 
            ।. ᫨    뫪 ।,
           ⠥  ।  1- 室  ।
          2-.  ४⨢ ࠡ  1- 室.
               ४⨢ .ERRB  .ERRNB  㪠  ப
           ᯥ稢    ᮮ饭    訡,  ᫨ 
         ப ᮮ⢥⢥ ᮤন  ஡  .
               ४⨢  .ERRIDN     .ERRDIF   뢠   
         ⠫쭮   訡,  ᫨  㪠  ப  ᮮ⢥⢥
           ࠧ.
