                                                
                                     - 31 -
               

               
               
               
               
                       6. 樨 । ࠢ.
               
               
               ᫥⥫쭮   믮  権  ணࠬ
         ஬ 8086/8088 । ᮤন ॣ஢ CS 
         IP.    CS  ᮤন     ⥪饣 ᥣ
         ,  ..  64-⭮    ,      ன
         롨  樨.  ন ॣ IP ᯮ
          ᬥ饭  砫 ᥣ .    ॣ஢
         CS   IP 㪠뢠   ,  ன  
         ࠭ ।    (筮,  祬,  ᫥
           㦥  ࠭    । 権 CPU,
          ᯥ稢 稥 ࠧ 堭 롮ન  
         ᯮ  権   8086/8088).
               뢠    ⮬   ࠧ   樨   ।
         ࠢ      ᮤন  ॣ஢ CS  IP, 
         蠥  ଠ  ᫥⥫쭮   믮.   
         ।   ࠢ   ।      ᮤন   ४⭮
         樨,  BIU 砥 ᫥     ,
         ᯮ ᮤন CS  IP, ᫥ 祣 । 
         ।⢥ EU  稭 ନ஢ ।, 稭 
          .
                8086/8088  4 㯯 権 ।
         ࠢ:  樨  ᫮    ᫮   ।
         ࠢ,  樨   뢠. 쪮 ᫥ 㯯
           ﭨ 䫠  .  ,  믮
           権  ।  ࠢ   祭
         䫠.

               
               
               
               
               
                           6.1. ᫮ 室.
               
               
               樨 ⮣ ⨯ ᯥ稢 ᫮ 室
             । ࠢ   ⥪饣 ᥣ
          (ᥣ⭠ । ࠢ), ⠪      
         ।  (ᥣ⭠  ।  ࠢ).  ।
         ࠢ    ᥬ ।騬 
         室 祢 ᫮  NEAR  (ᥣ⭠)    FAR
         (ᥣ⭠).
               ᠭ  権  ᫮  室 ਢ
         .
               

                                     - 32 -
         
         
               
               
         CALL -楤             
         ------------------
                 CALL  ⨢  㪠   楤,
         ࠭     ⥪    ᫥饩    CALL  樨.
         ᥬ      CALL   ࠧ   ⨯   
         ᨬ      ⮣,         ⥫  
         -楤: NEAR  FAR.    ४⭮    
         楤  ⨯  樨  CALL  ᮮ⢥⢮ ⨯
         樨  RET,  믮饩    .  ⥭樠쭠
           ᮮ⢥⢨    ,   
         CALL  ᠬ 楤 室    ࠧ쭮  ࠭᫨㥬
            ணࠬ.   筮   ᥬ   ᠬ   ᫥   
         ᮮ⢥⢨ 맮  ⮢. ⥫쭮  ⮬ .
         "⥬  ணࠬ஢   ஠ᥬ MS-DOS. 
         3. ४⨢ 몠 ᥬ", .3.2.
                    CALL         
         楤    ᠬ 樨 (ﬠ CALL)   
           ॣ,     뫠  CALL  (ﬠ
         CALL).      ,        ⮬᪨
         ⠭ ॣ IP 㪠뢠騬  ᫥ 
          ࠭   ⥪.
                 ᥣ⭮  אַ CALL ᮤন ॣ
         SP 㬥蠥  2,   ⥪ 頥 ᮤন ॣ
         IP.   ⥬     ᮤন  IP    ⭮⥫쭮
         ᬥ饭  楤, 饥  ।    -32
           +32.    ଠ  CALL    ᠬ⭮⥫쭮   
         ᪨ ६⨬ (CALL  楤 室  
         ᥣ       ६   )         ⮬
         ᯮ짮  ᭮ ᨬ ணࠬ.
               ᥣ⭠ ﬠ CALL    㭪樮஢
         १   १ ॣ. ন SP 㬥蠥 
         2,      ⥪  頥 ᮤন IP. 饭 楤
             ᯥ஢  樨 ᫮ 
          16-⮢ ॣ    IP.
                  ᥣ⭮   אַ   CALL   ᮤন    SP
         㬥蠥    2,    ⥪ 頥 ᮤন ॣ
         CS.  CS  祭  樨 ᫮  ᥣ.
         SP  ᭮  㬥蠥   2,   ⥪ 頥 ᮤন
         IP,   ᠬ IP  ᫮ ᬥ饭  樨.
                砥 ᥣ⭮ אַ  CALL,    
         㭪樮஢   ⮫쪮   १   ,   ᮤন   SP
         㬥蠥  2,  ⥪   ॣ  CS,    
         ⥬    2-  ᫮    㥬   樥
         4-⭮ 㪠⥫. SP ᭮ 㬥蠥  2,      ⥪
         頥  ᮤন ॣ IP, 㤠 ⥬  1-
         ᫮ 㪠⥫.
               
               
               
         RET ᫮                       
         ---------
                RET ।  ࠢ    楤  
         , ।⢥ ᫥  맢襩 楤

                                     - 33 -
         
         
         樥 CALL. ᥬ  ᥣ RET,
         ᫨  ணࠬ  । NEAR-楤,  ᥣ
         RET  砥  FAR-楤.    RET    
         㥬  ॣ஬  SP 設 ⥪ ᫮,   
         ॣ IP,  㢥稢  ᮤন  SP    2.    砥
         ᥣ⭮  RET      設  ⥪   
         頥  ॣ CS     ᫮,    ᮤন  SP
         㢥稢    2. ᫨  樨 RET 㪠 ᫮
         (  ⢮),  祭      SP.
                   ᯮ짮    㤠
         饭  ⥪ ࠬ஢ 楤.
               
               
               
         JMP                       
         ---------
                ⮩ 樨 ࠢ ᫮ । 
         㪠  .    ⫨稥    CALL   JMP 
         頥  ⥪  ଠ樨,      ᫥饩
           JMP  樨    ᯥ稢.   CALL 
         饩 ࠢ 樨   祭  ᠬ
         JMP   (ﬠ  JMP)      祩      ॣ,
         ᯥ஢  JMP (ﬠ JMP).    㣮  ஭,
         ।  ࠢ     ᥣ⭮, ⠪ 
         ᥣ⭮.
               ᥣ⭠  ﬠ   JMP      ᮤন
         ॣ  IP,    㤠  ᬥ饭  楫  樨
         ⭮⥫쭮  ᥡ.  ᫨  ᥬ  㦨,      
           ⮨    JMP  , 祬  127 ⮢, 
         ⮬᪨     塠      樨
         (⪠  JMP);  ⨢ 砥 ନ  JMP,
           ᮢ 楫  ।   -32    +32. 
             JMP    ᠬ⭮⥫묨   ᪨
         ६⨬묨 (JMP    楫   室  
         ᥣ      ६   )          ⮬
         ᯮ짮  ᭮ ᨬ ணࠬ.
               ᥣ⭠  ﬠ  JMP   㭪樮஢
         १   १ ॣ.  ࢮ  砥  ᮤন
         㥬  樥  ᫮   頥  ॣ
         IP.  ஬  祭  IP  롨ࠥ    㪠
         16-⮢ ॣ.
               ᥣ⭠  ﬠ  JMP 頥  ॣ IP  CS
         祭, ᯥ஢ 樥.
               ᥣ⭠  ﬠ  JMP      㭪樮஢
         ⮫쪮 १ . ࢮ ᫮  㥬 樥
         4-⭮ 㪠⥫ 頥  ॣ IP, ஥ -  CS.
               

               



               
               
               

                                     - 34 -
         
         
                             6.2. ᫮ 室.
               
               
               樨  ᫮  室  ࣠   ।
         ࠢ  樨   믮 ᯥ
             樨  ⮣  ⨯  ᫮.    ᫮
         । ⥪騬 ﭨﬨ 䫠 .  
             18  権  ( ᮮ⢥ 30 ᪨
          権) ஢  ।    䫠.
         ᫨  ᫮  믮, ந室 室  㪠
         ;    ⨢  砥   ࠢ   ।   
         ᫥  ணࠬ.
                ᫮ 室  ⪨, .. 楫
                , 祬  -128  +127
         ⮢    ࢮ    ᫥饩  樨  (JMP  00h
         ᯥ稢 室  ᫥饩 樨).
               ᪮   室   ⢫      
         ᮤন ॣ IP ⭮⥫쭮  ᬥ饭  楫,  
         樨  ᫮ 室  ᠬ⭮⥫묨 
            ⮬   ᯮ짮      ᠭ   ᭮
         ᨬ ணࠬ.
               樨  ᫮ । ࠢ  ஢塞
           믮 ᫮ ਢ  ⠡ 6.1.
               
               
                6.1. 樨 ᫮ । ࠢ.
         ___________________________________________________________
         |         |                                               |
         |         |              ᫮ 室                 |
         |  .  |_______________________________________________|
         |      |                  |                            |
         |         |       䫠      |                       |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JA/JNBE |   (CF or ZF)=0   |  /    ࠢ   |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JAE/JNB |      CF=0        |    ࠢ/     |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JB/JNAE |      CF=1        |  /    ࠢ   |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JBE/JNA |   (CF or ZF)=1   |     ࠢ/    |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JC    |      CF=1        |          ७           |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |  JE/JZ  |      ZF=1        |         ࠢ/         |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JG/JNLE |   ((SF xor OF)   |          /           |
         |         |     or ZF)=0     |        ࠢ    |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|

                                     - 35 -
         
         
                                    6.1. த.
         ___________________________________________________________
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JGE/JNL |   (SF xor OF)=0  |   ࠢ/  |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JL/JNGE |   (SF xor OF)=1  | /    ࠢ|
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JLE/JNG |   ((SF xor OF)   |       ࠢ/      |
         |         |     or ZF)=1     |                    |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JNC   |      CF=0        |         ७        |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JNE/JNZ |      ZF=0        |       ࠢ/       |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JNO   |      OF=0        |        ९     |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JNP/JPO |      PF=0        |        /        |
         |         |                  |             |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JNS   |      SF=0        |            +           |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JO    |      OF=1        |          ९      |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         | JP/JPE  |      PF=1        |        /        |
         |         |                  |               |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         |         |                  |                            |
         |   JS    |      SF=1        |            -           |
         |_________|__________________|____________________________|
         
                           ਬ砭:
                              1. ନ  ""   ""  ਬ
                                   ࠢ    稭
                                 (ᮢ).
                              2. ନ    ""        ""
                                 ᯮ    ᫠.
                              3.    xor        or    
                                 ᮮ⢥騥 ᪨ 樨.
               
               
               
               


               
               

                                     - 36 -
         
         
               
                              6.3. 樨.
               
               
               樨   ࠢ    ﬨ        
         ᯮ짮      ॣ㫨஢   ७  ணࠬ
         横.  ᯮ ᮤন ॣ  CX    稪
         ७.     ᫮  室  樨  ⮩
         㯯    ᠬ⭮⥫묨      ⢫
         ⮫쪮 ⪨ । ࠢ, ..  ।  -128
          +127.
               
               
               
         LOOP ⪠-⪠           
         -------------------
                LOOP 㬥蠥 ᮤন ॣ CX   1
           । ࠢ  㪠 , ᫨  CX  0;
          ⨢ 砥 믮 ᫥  LOOP .
               
               
               
         LOOPE/LOOPZ ⪠-⪠    ,  /
         --------------------------
                 2  祭    ࠧ묨  
            樨,      ன  ᮤন  ॣ  CX
         㬥蠥  1,    ࠢ  ।    㪠
         , ᫨  CX  0  䫠 ZF ࠢ 1;  ⨢ 砥
         믮 ᫥ .
               
               
               
         LOOPNE/LOOPNZ ⪠-⪠  ,   / 
         ----------------------------
                 2  祭    ࠧ묨  
            樨,      ன  ᮤন  ॣ  CX
         㬥蠥  1,    ࠢ  ।    㪠
         , ᫨  CX  0  䫠 ZF ࠢ 0;  ⨢ 砥
         믮 ᫥ .
               
               
               
         JCXZ ⪠-⪠           ,   CX 0
         -------------------
                 JCXZ  ।  ࠢ    㪠
         ,  ᫨  ॣ  CX  ᮤন  0;   ⨢ 砥
         믮 ᫥  JCXZ  .    JCXZ
            ᯮ짮    砫  横    ᯮ
         樨,  CX 㦥 ᮤন 0.
               
               
               
               
                    
               

                                     - 37 -
         
         
                                6.4. 뢠.
               
               
               樨  ⮩  㯯     ᯮ짮   
         ணࠬ  ࢨ  㭪樨, ᯥ稢 १ 
         뢠 樮 ⥬.  ⮩  楫  
         ணࠬ  뢠,  䥪  ண    䥪
           뢠.  ,   믮 横
         ।   ⢥ত   뢠,    ᫨    뢠
         樨஢ ணࠬ  易  NMI.
               樨   뢠    -᢮    
         ﭨ 䫠 .
               
               
               
         INT -뢠          
         --------------------
                INT ⨢ 楤, ।ᬮ७
           ࠡ⪨  뢠    㪠  ஬. ⥫
         ⥪ SP 㬥蠥    2,    ⥪    䫠  (
         ଠ 樨 PUSHF)  䫠 TF  IF ⠭  0
         (  蠣 ०    ᪨㥬  뢠).
         ⥬ SP 㬥蠥   2,   ⥪  ᮤন
         ॣ    CS.        㪠⥫    뢠    (..
         ⮭宦    ணࠬ   ࠡ⪨   뢠)
           ⥬  㬭  㪠    樨 INT
             4:  ஥  ᫮  㪠⥫  頥  祭
         ॣ  CS. SP ᭮ 㬥蠥  2,   ⥪ 頥
         ᮤন ॣ IP,   ᠬ IP    ࢮ  ᫮
         㪠⥫.
               ᫨ 㪠  뢠 3,  ᥬ  
          (1 )  樨,   뢠
          ⨦ 窨 室.
               ணࠬ  뢠      ᯮ짮   
         "맮  㯥ࢨ", ..   ࢨ 樮
         ⥬,  ⭮,  楤,  ᠭ    ࠡ⪨
          뢠.
               
               
               
         INTO                      ,   
         ----
                   樨    INTO       ணࠬ
         뢠, ᫨ ⠭  1 䫠 OF;  ⨢  砥
         ࠢ ।  ᫥饩 樨   ⨢樨
         楤 ࠡ⪨ 뢠.  INTO 頥 
         ॡ㥬  楤  ( 뢠 - 4) १ 㪠⥫
         뢠,   ᯮ      16-筮      10,
         ⠭  0 䫠 TF    IF      ⠫쭮  ࠡ⠥
         ⠪,    INT.  INTO  ᯮ짮 ᫥
         䬥᪨    ᪨   権      ࠡ⪨
          ९.
               
               
               

                                     - 38 -
         
         
         INT3                           
         ----
               믮  ⮩  樨  ⭮  뢠   
         ஬  3  ("⨣  窠  室").  ᥬ 
         , 1- 設 .
               
               
               
         IRET                            
         ----
                 樨  IRET  ࠢ  頥  
         뢠  ⥬  ⠭      ⥪   ᮤন
         ॣ஢ IP  CS  祭  䫠,  饭  㤠  
           뢠.     ᯮ 
         室   ணࠬ, ⠪    뢠.
